{"id":7119,"date":"2024-11-15T12:43:08","date_gmt":"2024-11-15T12:43:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afghanistan.factcrescendo.com\/pashto\/?p=7119"},"modified":"2024-11-15T12:43:12","modified_gmt":"2024-11-15T12:43:12","slug":"durand-line-agreement-1893-history-afghanistan-pakistan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afghanistan.factcrescendo.com\/pashto\/durand-line-agreement-1893-history-afghanistan-pakistan\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u06f1\u06f3\u06f1 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u062f \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0634\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u06cc\u06d0 \u0647\u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0648\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0647!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/afghanistan.factcrescendo.com\/pashto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/AD_4nXdF78T_YQ3Tm0Za-LWfxV9tFPyqu2UzOENEo4ANokt-doLeCaC7SRMGtg_I3WzKUX9wdg2CABYm3gKu6KKakc5JP9uT0AVZOlZ47tESf-_pjBYz4nQqJRwCBXq6dfPJKUx7go9B9eJJxrmrCdgeN3skeyzs17UnZG-uHu_-OhHQaZnO8o.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f \u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f1 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0634\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0648\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0634\u062e\u0693\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0634\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u063a\u06cc\u0632 \u0644\u0631\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u06cc.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u06cc\u0696\u0626\u060c \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0646\u06d0 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0686\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0648\u0647\u061f \u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u067e\u0648\u0644\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0644\u06d0\u061f \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u0631 \u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689 (Sir Mortimer Durand) \u0685\u0648\u06a9 \u0648\u0648\u061f<strong> <\/strong>\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u0647 \u0685\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0696\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u067c \u0642\u0648\u0645 \u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0681 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u06cc\u0634\u0644\u0648\u061f \u062f \u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0648 \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0641\u06a9\u067c \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u0689\u0648 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0626!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0689:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"365\" src=\"https:\/\/afghanistan.factcrescendo.com\/pashto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/AD_4nXeLmJcm6Ocq4lYCGUr6sUK0MrTERWOj8bdn2H4dAwmIi3kRxgl-3kBGrAvx3V6v8RULLrEPKq0nDpJCHbTnGi8lmm2Z-HMkl-HPHyxQWzaPUgaUuzLOVemjIGD_UfVQj84SLgn2_2KU_8uQdEkS3cUkeyzs17UnZG-uHu_-OhHQaZnO8o.png\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thenationalfrontier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/durand-line-history.jpeg\">\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0681\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639:<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0646 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u06f1\u06f3\u06f1 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f9\u06f3 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u06f1\u06f2 \u0645\u0647 \u0646\u06d0\u067c\u0647 \u062f \u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689 \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u06d0 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0647\u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06bc\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0693\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0648 \u0686\u06d0 \u06f7 \u0644\u0646\u0689\u06d0 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u06d0 \u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0644\u0648\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0647\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u067e\u0627\u0686\u0627 \u201c\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u201d \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u067c\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u0631 \u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689 (Sir Mortimer Durand) \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0686\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 (\u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0648) \u067e\u0647 \u0632\u0693\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0645 (\u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689) \u062f \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u0647\u060c \u0686\u06d0 \u06f2\u06f6\u06f4\u06f0 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0696\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u06cc\u0685 \u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0631 \u062f\u06d0 \u062f\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0644\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0681 \u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u06d0\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u0648\u0647\u060c \u0686\u06d0 \u062a\u0631 \u0647\u063a\u0648 \u0686\u06d0 \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u06d0\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f \u06cc\u0648 \u0634\u0645\u06d0\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u06d0\u0632 \u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u06d0\u0632 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u06d0\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u06d0\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0644 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0648\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u06d0 \u0647\u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0647 \u0648.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u0631 \u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689 (Sir Mortimer Durand) \u0685\u0648\u06a9 \u0648\u0648\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/afghanistan.factcrescendo.com\/pashto\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/AD_4nXc5QQgqLwsWdz_AZ53mk3fjqJJoR2xjQTw__WtOlclt64nSitgkFJMz77IzUvr4HI6nBZz3Z0IhrtKKaWIlJZdKpjKHOEXDq6THH-PtMqVba0f3EGPSsVFMORxfYsubHGxxKJIET2OyCFO5TH-Qnwkeyzs17UnZG-uHu_-OhHQaZnO8o.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Figure \/: \u2018Morty\u2019: Sir Mortimer Durand in 1903. From a \u2018Spy\u2019 cartoon. Reproduced by permission of Vanity Fair. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/03068370902871508#d1e153\">source<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u0631 \u0689\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0689 \u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0686\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0693\u06cc \u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u067c\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u067c\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u0648.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u063a\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f5\u06f0 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cd \u067e\u0647 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