In late September 2025, Afghanistan experienced a significant disruption in internet and mobile phone services, marking a severe escalation in the Taliban’s control over digital communications. On September 30, widespread outages were reported across the country, with connectivity dropping to approximately 1% of its normal levels, according to monitoring group NetBlocks.
The shutdown began earlier in the month. On September 17, the Taliban imposed a ban on fiber-optic internet services in five northern provinces—Kunduz, Badakhshan, Baghlan, Takhar, and Balkh—citing the need to prevent “immoral activities”. Subsequent reports indicated that these restrictions expanded, affecting major cities like Kabul, Herat, and Kandahar. By September 30, both internet and mobile telephone services were down nationwide, with authorities reportedly issuing a one-week deadline to deactivate 3G and 4G mobile services, leaving only 2G operational.
Internet shutdown on September 29, 2025, disrupted flights at major airports including Kabul. The disruption also stranded passengers abroad, with reports of travelers unable to board flights at Dubai International Airport due to suspended services and communication breakdowns.
The Taliban has not provided a formal explanation for the nationwide shutdown. However, recent actions, such as the fiber-optic internet ban, have been justified on “morality” grounds.
The impact of this internet blackout has been profound. Afghan women, many of whom relied on the internet for remote work, education, and communication, have been particularly affected. Small business owners, especially those in the handicrafts sector, have reported significant losses due to the lack of online connectivity. Educational institutions have also been disrupted, with online classes and resources becoming inaccessible.
International organizations have expressed grave concerns over the shutdown. The United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) has called for the restoration of communications, emphasizing the adverse effects on humanitarian operations and the delivery of essential services.
Reportedly, his internet shutdown represents a significant step in the Taliban’s broader strategy to control information and suppress dissent. The international community continues to monitor the situation closely, advocating for the protection of fundamental rights and the restoration of essential services in Afghanistan.
